The Republic of Mauritius has a well-established network of marine protected areas comprising marine reserves, marine parks, fishing reserves, fisheries reserved areas, and multiple-use marine protected areas. They include six fishing reserves on Mauritius Island used as conservation and management tools to protect fisheries resources by regulating fishing activities. Since their establishment under the Fisheries and Marine Resources (Marine Protected Areas) Regulation 2001, few studies have examined their status, constraints, and potential. This chapter provides a comprehensive review about the status of fishing reserves in Mauritius Island. This assessment was accomplished by adopting the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis model, which relates to fishing reserves taking into consideration current and emerging issues within the coastal and marine environment. The strengths of our study context include the physical demarcation of fishing reserves, a well-established legal and institutional framework, high marine biodiversity, potential for ecotourism, and proper management of fishing activities. On the other hand, major challenges facing the reserves include rapid coastal urbanization, sea-based recreational activities, climate change, lack of a management plan, lack of monitoring, lack of community involvement, lack of funding for management, and pollution. However, the results of the SWOT analysis highlighted several areas that could serve as catalysts to improve the management and sustainability of the reserves in Mauritius Island, and these include monitoring and enforcement, fisheries management, public involvement, legal and policy frameworks, financing of management, and promoting public awareness.