Superalloys stand as the highest achievement in high-temperature metallurgy. The meticulous construction of γ/γ′ microstructures provides high strength, oxidation resistance, and a stable structure. This chapter reviews recent developments in the field about their thermodynamic–kinetic modeling, creep and oxidation behavior, and the use of Microwave Hybrid Cladding (MHC), a novel and effective surface-engineering approach. The integration of CALPHAD, phase-field, and diffusion modeling frameworks is a major step in the predictive control of phase stability. Ongoing understanding of rafting, diffusion, and oxide kinetics, in particular, is a good indicator of long-term performance. The recent work of Singh et al. concerning Inconel 625 and Zafar et al. concerning Inconel 718 have demonstrated that MHC provides metallurgically bonded, low-dilution clads that have a refined dendritic structure with little to no Laves phase. This energy-efficient and eco-friendly approach in addition to traditional and additive methods strengthens superalloys as the needed materials of the future for aerospace, power, and high-efficiency systems.