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Biofabrication and regenerative medicine are interdisciplinary research fields that are rapidly being developed due to the synthesis of materials science and biology with enhanced manufacturing to overcome drastic constraints of conventional healthcare solutions. Bio printing is becoming a hot subject in the new technology due to its capability to produce constructs of complicated cell laden structures of high spatial and temporal resolution in 3D and 4D bioprinting. Through deposition of biomaterials, living cells and bioactive molecules, in the layer form, 3D bioprinting will enable creation of tissue constructs that are highly similar to the original anatomical and functional structures. The classical 3D bioprinted materials, however, are not very dynamic and, therefore, restrict their capabilities of reproducing the dynamic nature of the living tissues. To eliminate this limitation, 4D bioprinting presents time as an additional design modality, which enables structures to be programmed to respond to mechanical, chemical or biological signals. This is especially in the area of regenerative medicine whereby the tissues are required to respond to the different physiological conditions as the tissues heal and develop. The modern manufacturing paradigm of the Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 and the future Industry 6.0 is closely connected with the emergence of the bioprinting technologies itself. Cyber-physical system, artificial intelligence and real-time sensing have guaranteed that data-driven bio printing platform is more precise, repeatable and quality assured. In the meantime, the anthropocentric and environmentally conscious paradigms focus on bioengineering that is both ethical and subsumed medicine and environmentally-friendly production. The chapter offers the specifics of the intro to the main ideas behind biofabrication, the most common technologies of 3D and 4D bioprinting, bioink systems and processes. It also covers the tissue engineering, organ model, drug testing and immune modulation, and it identifies how the cyber-physical integration and data analytics are being leveraged to improve intelligent biomanufacturing.

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Biofabrication and Regenerative Medicine Using 3D/4D Bioprinting

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Praveen Kumar Verma,
  • Hitesh Vasudev

摘要

Biofabrication and regenerative medicine are interdisciplinary research fields that are rapidly being developed due to the synthesis of materials science and biology with enhanced manufacturing to overcome drastic constraints of conventional healthcare solutions. Bio printing is becoming a hot subject in the new technology due to its capability to produce constructs of complicated cell laden structures of high spatial and temporal resolution in 3D and 4D bioprinting. Through deposition of biomaterials, living cells and bioactive molecules, in the layer form, 3D bioprinting will enable creation of tissue constructs that are highly similar to the original anatomical and functional structures. The classical 3D bioprinted materials, however, are not very dynamic and, therefore, restrict their capabilities of reproducing the dynamic nature of the living tissues. To eliminate this limitation, 4D bioprinting presents time as an additional design modality, which enables structures to be programmed to respond to mechanical, chemical or biological signals. This is especially in the area of regenerative medicine whereby the tissues are required to respond to the different physiological conditions as the tissues heal and develop. The modern manufacturing paradigm of the Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 and the future Industry 6.0 is closely connected with the emergence of the bioprinting technologies itself. Cyber-physical system, artificial intelligence and real-time sensing have guaranteed that data-driven bio printing platform is more precise, repeatable and quality assured. In the meantime, the anthropocentric and environmentally conscious paradigms focus on bioengineering that is both ethical and subsumed medicine and environmentally-friendly production. The chapter offers the specifics of the intro to the main ideas behind biofabrication, the most common technologies of 3D and 4D bioprinting, bioink systems and processes. It also covers the tissue engineering, organ model, drug testing and immune modulation, and it identifies how the cyber-physical integration and data analytics are being leveraged to improve intelligent biomanufacturing.