Southern Africa is marked by deep economic inequalities, climate-induced shocks, and historical legacies of marginalization. This chapter analyzes resilience in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Botswana, Mozambique, and Namibia. Natural capital includes agricultural systems, mining, and tourism, all vulnerable to recurrent droughts and floods. Human capital benefits from relatively high literacy but faces health burdens such as HIV/AIDS. Financial capital is shaped by remittances, dual economies, and uneven access to credit. Social capital is expressed through strong civil society networks and community-based organizations, while physical capital ranges from advanced urban infrastructure to neglected rural areas. The chapter emphasizes urban–rural linkages, where informal settlements and regional trade corridors play pivotal roles in sustaining livelihoods. Climate-smart agriculture, social protection programs such as South Africa’s grants, and rural diversification emerge as key resilience pathways. Case studies highlight Zimbabwe’s adaptive responses to economic crises and Mozambique’s recovery from cyclones. The chapter argues that Southern Africa’s resilience depends on equitable redistribution of resources, investment in climate adaptation, and strengthened regional cooperation through SADC frameworks.