Anomalies of the face are frequently part of many syndromic and nonsyndromic conditions. Systematic visualization of the fetal face during routine ultrasound scanning has allowed the prenatal identification of many dysmorphisms and congenital anomalies, improving subsequent genetic counseling and guiding pregnancy management. In this review, the increasing role of three-dimensional ultrasound in the prenatal evaluation of the normal face and, in particular, the assessment of orofacial malformations is discussed.

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3D Ultrasound and Orofacial Anomalies

  • Waldo Sepulveda,
  • Raquel Garcia-Rodriguez,
  • Amy E. Wong,
  • Mario Lituania,
  • Gabriele Tonni

摘要

Anomalies of the face are frequently part of many syndromic and nonsyndromic conditions. Systematic visualization of the fetal face during routine ultrasound scanning has allowed the prenatal identification of many dysmorphisms and congenital anomalies, improving subsequent genetic counseling and guiding pregnancy management. In this review, the increasing role of three-dimensional ultrasound in the prenatal evaluation of the normal face and, in particular, the assessment of orofacial malformations is discussed.