The chapter analyses law enforcement practices in the monitored countries, distinguishing between anti-discriminatory, discriminatory, and counter-extremism efforts. It reviews court rulings, government programmes and specific cases of combating hate crimes, xenophobia and terrorism. A significant focus is placed on systemic problems such as racial profiling by police, underreporting of hate crimes due to victims’ distrust and restrictive practices against migrants and minorities, revealing a gap between legislation and its implementation.