Exploring the Adoption of Digital Twins in SMEs: The Critical Role of Human-Technology Interaction
摘要
With the increasing applications of Industry 4.0 related technologies in recent years, the focus on Digital Twins (DTs) has raised in both research and practice. In order for organisations to fully appreciate the benefit of digital twins, there is a need to fully understand the challenges and benefits of its adoption, especially for SMEs that are usually lacking managerial capabilities. To address the gap regarding the adoption of digital twins in SMEs, this study aims to explore the potential challenges resulting from human-technology interactions, drawing from perspectives from industrial and human-centred engineering. We conduct twelve expert interviews with participants in managerial roles relevant to DT implementation from 9 manufacturing Turkish SMEs. The interview protocol is developed based on the seven-dimension framework adopted from Ivanov [4]. The results provide insights regarding how management capabilities or human capital in SMEs may contribute to promote the acceptance of digital twins. Particularly, with the unique setting of digital twins, this study provides four main findings and enhanced understanding of the critical role that human-technology interactions play in driving and changing strategic decision making in SMEs. The findings highlight a lack of clear purpose and an increased emphasis on the prioritisation of DT implementation over familiarity with the concept. There is also an emphasis on ease of use rather than pursuit of advanced DT systems. While the perceived benefits centre around operational convenience, the findings also reveal resource constraints and a lack of adequate support mechanisms. These findings highlighted the critical role of human-technology interactions that could inspire future research in DT and has implications for practitioners engaged in offering DT as a solution.