The food packaging industry faces increased pressure to transition from a linear model of production and disposal to a more sustainable circular model. Recycling plastic into Food Contact Materials (FCM) offers a promising pathway to reduce environmental impact. However, ensuring food safety remains a major challenge due to the potential migration of harmful substances from recycled materials onto food. Rigorous regulations, such as EU Regulation 10/2011 and EN 1186 standards for migration testing are crucial to preserve consumer safety. Despite their importance, these standards often leave room for interpretation and allow for variability in testing methods, particularly regarding the evaporation methods proposed for overall migration tests. This study explores possible improvements to traditional protocols, focusing on the steam bath method for simulant evaporation. Preliminary tests were conducted on three-layered polyethylene (PE) samples containing recycled materials. The samples were tested under standardized exposure conditions, employing water as a simulant. Preliminary results of overall migration were below the regulated limit threshold. However, variations were observed across tests, likely influenced by evaporation methods and weighing processes. By defining critical points and key challenges in these methodologies, this research aims to propose adaptations to evaporation techniques, in order to establish an optimized protocol for migration testing. These adaptations can contribute to a more accurate and efficient way of testing overall migration, according to the rules and regulations in force.

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Challenges and Optimization Opportunities in Overall Migration Testing of Recycled Plastic for Food Packaging

  • Catarina D. Freire,
  • Sónia Barroso,
  • Cláudia Lopes,
  • Maria M. Gil,
  • Filipa R. Pinto

摘要

The food packaging industry faces increased pressure to transition from a linear model of production and disposal to a more sustainable circular model. Recycling plastic into Food Contact Materials (FCM) offers a promising pathway to reduce environmental impact. However, ensuring food safety remains a major challenge due to the potential migration of harmful substances from recycled materials onto food. Rigorous regulations, such as EU Regulation 10/2011 and EN 1186 standards for migration testing are crucial to preserve consumer safety. Despite their importance, these standards often leave room for interpretation and allow for variability in testing methods, particularly regarding the evaporation methods proposed for overall migration tests. This study explores possible improvements to traditional protocols, focusing on the steam bath method for simulant evaporation. Preliminary tests were conducted on three-layered polyethylene (PE) samples containing recycled materials. The samples were tested under standardized exposure conditions, employing water as a simulant. Preliminary results of overall migration were below the regulated limit threshold. However, variations were observed across tests, likely influenced by evaporation methods and weighing processes. By defining critical points and key challenges in these methodologies, this research aims to propose adaptations to evaporation techniques, in order to establish an optimized protocol for migration testing. These adaptations can contribute to a more accurate and efficient way of testing overall migration, according to the rules and regulations in force.