This paper critically examines sacred pilgrimages such as the Hajj in Mecca and the Kailash Kora in Tibet, reframing them not only as religious practices but also as large-scale temporary urban ecosystems. These events, while rooted in spiritual tradition, generate dense flows of energy, resources, and waste that constitute an urban metabolism (Kennedy et al. 2007), comparable in scale to permanent cities. Within this fragile socio-ecological configuration, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and more specifically Generative AI (GenAI), is explored as an augmentative cognitive collaborator. Anchored in the framework of distributed cognition (Hutchins, 1995), cognition is conceptualized as a distributed process across human collectives, technological infrastructures, and ecological environments. Methodologically, the paper adopts a systemic qualitative approach combined with a GenAI-assisted analytical protocol to trace interactions between spiritual practices, material flows, and emerging computational mediations. AI tools ranging from predictive logistical modeling and agent-based simulations (Batty 2018) to immersive cartographic reconstructions (Oxman 2010) hold the potential to optimize flows, enhance ecological stewardship, and strengthen participatory governance. Yet these benefits are entangled with paradoxes between sacredness and digital mediation, where technological integration risks imposing new ecological and cultural footprints. By integrating insights from resilience thinking and panarchy (Holling & Gunderson 2002), the study advances principles for responsible AI design: minimal, non-intrusive, and ethically grounded in religious legitimacy. Ultimately, the paper contributes to advancing a sacred-ecology perspective that recognizes pilgrimages as laboratories for systemic sustainability while offering a framework for ethically aligned AI governance in sensitive ritual environments.

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Sacred Paths and Distributed Cognition: The Socio Ecological Impacts of the Artificial Intelligence on the Pathways of Pilgrimage in Desertic Environments

  • Oumaima Bouaziz,
  • Ghofrane Khiari

摘要

This paper critically examines sacred pilgrimages such as the Hajj in Mecca and the Kailash Kora in Tibet, reframing them not only as religious practices but also as large-scale temporary urban ecosystems. These events, while rooted in spiritual tradition, generate dense flows of energy, resources, and waste that constitute an urban metabolism (Kennedy et al. 2007), comparable in scale to permanent cities. Within this fragile socio-ecological configuration, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and more specifically Generative AI (GenAI), is explored as an augmentative cognitive collaborator. Anchored in the framework of distributed cognition (Hutchins, 1995), cognition is conceptualized as a distributed process across human collectives, technological infrastructures, and ecological environments. Methodologically, the paper adopts a systemic qualitative approach combined with a GenAI-assisted analytical protocol to trace interactions between spiritual practices, material flows, and emerging computational mediations. AI tools ranging from predictive logistical modeling and agent-based simulations (Batty 2018) to immersive cartographic reconstructions (Oxman 2010) hold the potential to optimize flows, enhance ecological stewardship, and strengthen participatory governance. Yet these benefits are entangled with paradoxes between sacredness and digital mediation, where technological integration risks imposing new ecological and cultural footprints. By integrating insights from resilience thinking and panarchy (Holling & Gunderson 2002), the study advances principles for responsible AI design: minimal, non-intrusive, and ethically grounded in religious legitimacy. Ultimately, the paper contributes to advancing a sacred-ecology perspective that recognizes pilgrimages as laboratories for systemic sustainability while offering a framework for ethically aligned AI governance in sensitive ritual environments.