The Traditional Beliefs of Witchcraft in the Jola Society
摘要
The Jola, like many ethnic groups in the Senegambia region, maintains strong beliefs in the existence of witchcraft and its capacity to inflict spiritual harm within society. The term they use for witchcraft is “Ayalaw.” Such beliefs are deeply entrenched in numerous African societies. Countries including South Africa, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, and Ghana have established legislation that addresses witchcraft, categorizing it as a fictitious crime subject to legal penalties. In communal societies like that of the Jola, any evil or misfortune that defies rational explanation is frequently attributed to witchcraft. Victims of such accusations are typically older men and women, and widows. Quarmyne (2011) posits that believers in witchcraft in sub-Saharan Africa often refuse to accept that a person has succumbed to a specific illness, such as malaria or heart disease. Instead, when a tragedy occurs in a community, it is commonly interpreted through the lens of witchcraft, prompting the community to confront the perceived issue collectively.