This study focuses on the performance of the mass media (both print and electronic) during the 2023 general elections in Nigeria. The chapter takes a cursory view of their performance by considering their objectivity and impartiality. It is, however, imperative to note that opinions are divided on the objectivity and impartiality of the media in the coverage of the elections. No doubt, self-censorship was rampant among government-owned media outlets both at the state and at the federal levels. The chapter infers that for media coverage of elections in a deeply divided and plural society like Nigeria, media practitioners should adhere strictly to the ethics of their profession. So fundamental is the press to good governance that its freedom is often formally guaranteed. For instance, under the Constitution of the United States, the press is given a mandate to perform specific tasks, just as under Nigeria’s successive constitutions, from 1979, and specifically Section 39 of the 1999 Constitution (as amended) (see Nigerian Constitutions, 1979, 1999). The snag in Nigeria, as observed by the European Union in its 2023 election reports, revealed a wide gap between intent and actual practices, indicating a weak state that cannot sufficiently protect the media. The report noted several attacks that occurred in plain sight of the Police and, in some cases, the Police detained the journalists who documented irregularities, but not the attackers. Such incidents clearly demonstrate the absence of actual protection of media practitioners. Overall, the impunity encouraged by Police inaction was detrimental to freedom of expression, particularly as independent and trusted outlets were targeted, and does not align with Nigeria’s regional and international commitments to protect the media and freedom of expression as a whole.

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An Overview of Media Coverage of the 2023 General Elections in Nigeria

  • Emmanuel O. Ojo,
  • Wale Sadeeq,
  • Oladiran Afolabi

摘要

This study focuses on the performance of the mass media (both print and electronic) during the 2023 general elections in Nigeria. The chapter takes a cursory view of their performance by considering their objectivity and impartiality. It is, however, imperative to note that opinions are divided on the objectivity and impartiality of the media in the coverage of the elections. No doubt, self-censorship was rampant among government-owned media outlets both at the state and at the federal levels. The chapter infers that for media coverage of elections in a deeply divided and plural society like Nigeria, media practitioners should adhere strictly to the ethics of their profession. So fundamental is the press to good governance that its freedom is often formally guaranteed. For instance, under the Constitution of the United States, the press is given a mandate to perform specific tasks, just as under Nigeria’s successive constitutions, from 1979, and specifically Section 39 of the 1999 Constitution (as amended) (see Nigerian Constitutions, 1979, 1999). The snag in Nigeria, as observed by the European Union in its 2023 election reports, revealed a wide gap between intent and actual practices, indicating a weak state that cannot sufficiently protect the media. The report noted several attacks that occurred in plain sight of the Police and, in some cases, the Police detained the journalists who documented irregularities, but not the attackers. Such incidents clearly demonstrate the absence of actual protection of media practitioners. Overall, the impunity encouraged by Police inaction was detrimental to freedom of expression, particularly as independent and trusted outlets were targeted, and does not align with Nigeria’s regional and international commitments to protect the media and freedom of expression as a whole.