Crime and its effects on society are topics of great interest and concern, having significant implications in various fields, from public security to economic policy. Understanding the dynamics that drive crime rates to rise or fall is essential to developing effective prevention and control strategies. In this context, the theme addressed in this paper aims to investigate the complex relationship between economic factors, such as unemployment and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and the evolution of crime, offering an econometric perspective on this phenomenon. The motivation for choosing this theme comes from the need to clarify and bring a deeper understanding to the factors that influence crime, especially in a period of significant economic changes. Economic crises, labor market fluctuations and social instability are just some of the elements that can affect criminal behavior. Studying these relationships from an econometric perspective can provide concrete data and interpretations to support the formulation of more effective public policies. In addition, the interdisciplinary analysis that combines economics with criminology can open new horizons in the research of this complex and multifactorial field.