While Quality 4.0 represents a key advancement in quality management evolution, research on its implementation in companies remains rather limited. This paper intends to overcome this gap, by exploring Quality 4.0 implementation in Portugal, based on the preliminary results of a diagnostic questionnaire sent to a set of Portuguese companies in 2024. The questionnaire was drafted on the basis of information collected from three sources: (i) a systematic literature review on Quality 4.0; (ii) a pilot study in a ceramics company operating under the Industry 4.0 paradigm; and (iii) a collection of articles using questionnaires to explore Quality 4.0 implementation. By covering topics related to quality management tools, methodologies and practices, as well as the competencies required for quality professionals to successfully operate in this new stage of quality management, the questionnaire can be considered a versatile diagnostic tool for assessing Quality 4.0 implementation across diverse organisational contexts. Moreover, it allows to identify the key drivers and challenges faced by Portuguese companies in Quality 4.0 implementation. The main findings reveal that most of the Portuguese companies that answered the questionnaire are still in the initial stages of Industry 4.0 and Quality 4.0 adoption, with a focus on digitalisation and IoT. The use of advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning is still limited. As for the workforce, although it stands out for its adaptability and collaboration competences, further training in digital skills, particularly in data analytics, is needed to fully exploit the potential of Quality 4.0.