The concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has gained relevance in the corporate scenario, reflecting the growing concern with sustainability and corporate responsibility. In the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the adoption of ESG practices can represent challenges and opportunities, influencing their competitiveness and access to investments. The implementation of these guidelines promotes operational efficiency, organizational reputation, and regulatory compliance, aligning SMEs with the demands of an increasingly sustainable and conscious market. This study examines the relationships between ESG in SMEs and reviews the existing literature through a bibliometric analysis of 86 documents extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. No exclusion criteria were applied, and Bibliometrix (RStudio) and MS Excel were used. Of these documents identified, 69 were produced in the last three years. The study confirmed that the most used keywords were small and medium-sized enterprises, sustainable development, sustainability, and decision-making. Of the journals used, the most respected were Business Strategy and The Environment, Resources Policy and Corporate Social Responsibility, and Environmental Management. The countries and authors with the largest number of productions and contributions come from China and Italy. There was a demand for more robust governance to access sustainable financing and the integration of sustainability into Business Models as a competitive strategy. Despite the recognition of the importance of ESG, there are academic gaps regarding its application in SMEs, opening opportunities for research on governance, management, business modeling, and decision-making processes in this context.