General anaesthetics are used to facilitate surgical intervention and characterised by a triad of hypnosis, analgesia and muscle relaxation. Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia is typically achieved by inhalational and intravenous agents. Induction agents typically consist of halogenated fluranes with nitrous oxide often used as an adjunct. Intravenous agents consist of thiopentone, propofol, opioids, benzodiazepines and ketamine. Muscle relaxants may be used depending on the clinical setting, which may be depolarising or non-depolarising. Non-depolarising agents may be reversed with neostigmine or sugammadex.

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General Anaesthesia

  • Evangeline Lister,
  • Christian Longley

摘要

General anaesthetics are used to facilitate surgical intervention and characterised by a triad of hypnosis, analgesia and muscle relaxation. Induction and maintenance of anaesthesia is typically achieved by inhalational and intravenous agents. Induction agents typically consist of halogenated fluranes with nitrous oxide often used as an adjunct. Intravenous agents consist of thiopentone, propofol, opioids, benzodiazepines and ketamine. Muscle relaxants may be used depending on the clinical setting, which may be depolarising or non-depolarising. Non-depolarising agents may be reversed with neostigmine or sugammadex.