Digitalisation and Healthcare Workers: European Trends, Workforce Competencies
摘要
This chapter examines the digital transformation of healthcare systems across Europe, focussing on the implications for the healthcare workforce, with a particular focus on older workers. It investigates how digitalisation is reshaping care delivery, professional roles, and health equity by reviewing European policy initiatives, country-level case studies, and empirical research. The chapter identifies critical digital competencies required for healthcare professionals, emphasising how age, educational background, and work setting shape digital readiness. Special attention is given to the concept of digital determinants of health (DDoH) and the risk of exacerbating inequalities if digital transitions are not inclusively designed. Drawing on evidence from the European Health Data Space, national digital strategies, and workforce preparedness studies, the chapter provides recommendations for targeted training, policy alignment, and institutional investment to ensure that no healthcare worker, particularly an older professional, falls behind in Europe’s rapidly changing digital health landscape.