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Now around a half billion dollars are spent each year worldwide for the purchase of medicines. Coming from different sources (hospitals, industries, and urban waste); drug residues unfortunately end up in our environment and can be particularly dangerous to both people and nature. Different technics and procedures are being used by the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), and millions of dollars are being spent to solve this problem that is affecting not only aquatic organisms but also soil microorganisms and can be re-entering human body. Instead of thinking of new expensive technics, it can modify active sludge that is already present in most of treatment plants. In this study, two different kinds of active culture sludge were experienced: free active sludge and the fixed active sludge on a new biofilm support: Hybas™ (Hybrid Biofilm Activated Sludge) developed by Veolia in lab-scale WWTP. A synthetic effluent that has the similar characteristics of the effluent entering in the WWTP have used and then three of the most used drugs in France (Amoxicillin, Paracetamol, and Ibuprofen) were added. It has tested the essential pollution indicators (COD, TNK and Phosphorus). To follow up the concentration of drugs in the effluent, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) have used. After analyzing and calculating the percentages of each method, it was concluded that the Hybas™ support can have an abatement rate of 96% in COD, 94% in Nitrogen, 87.8% in Phosphorus, 82% for the Amoxicillin, 99.8% for the Paracetamol and 99.6% for the Ibuprofen, values much higher than the normal free activated sludge method. According to the results, it appears very clearly that faced to a classic urban effluent, the two processes are completely satisfactory and correctly meet the requirements of treatment imposed by French standards concerning COD, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Indeed, the abatement rates on a classic urban effluent are equivalent between the two pathways. However, Hybas™ (Hybrid Biofilm Activated Sludge) process always had a higher reduction rate than the free process. In fact, even in the event of a high load of drug residues, the bacteria seemed to undergo normal development either in the pilot's free culture basins or on the fixed culture supports, where greater and faster development was observed. Similarly, the calculations of the reduction rate of the three drugs used showed the priority of the new process.

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Biofilm Support in Eliminating Drug Residues in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Pilot

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Bouchra Halwani,
  • Baghdad Ouddane,
  • Jalal Halwani

摘要

Now around a half billion dollars are spent each year worldwide for the purchase of medicines. Coming from different sources (hospitals, industries, and urban waste); drug residues unfortunately end up in our environment and can be particularly dangerous to both people and nature. Different technics and procedures are being used by the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), and millions of dollars are being spent to solve this problem that is affecting not only aquatic organisms but also soil microorganisms and can be re-entering human body. Instead of thinking of new expensive technics, it can modify active sludge that is already present in most of treatment plants. In this study, two different kinds of active culture sludge were experienced: free active sludge and the fixed active sludge on a new biofilm support: Hybas™ (Hybrid Biofilm Activated Sludge) developed by Veolia in lab-scale WWTP. A synthetic effluent that has the similar characteristics of the effluent entering in the WWTP have used and then three of the most used drugs in France (Amoxicillin, Paracetamol, and Ibuprofen) were added. It has tested the essential pollution indicators (COD, TNK and Phosphorus). To follow up the concentration of drugs in the effluent, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) have used. After analyzing and calculating the percentages of each method, it was concluded that the Hybas™ support can have an abatement rate of 96% in COD, 94% in Nitrogen, 87.8% in Phosphorus, 82% for the Amoxicillin, 99.8% for the Paracetamol and 99.6% for the Ibuprofen, values much higher than the normal free activated sludge method. According to the results, it appears very clearly that faced to a classic urban effluent, the two processes are completely satisfactory and correctly meet the requirements of treatment imposed by French standards concerning COD, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Indeed, the abatement rates on a classic urban effluent are equivalent between the two pathways. However, Hybas™ (Hybrid Biofilm Activated Sludge) process always had a higher reduction rate than the free process. In fact, even in the event of a high load of drug residues, the bacteria seemed to undergo normal development either in the pilot's free culture basins or on the fixed culture supports, where greater and faster development was observed. Similarly, the calculations of the reduction rate of the three drugs used showed the priority of the new process.