The development and operation of complex technical systems require interdisciplinary collaboration rather than the efforts of a single engineer. At the same time, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly relevant – not only in industrial applications but also as a transformative element in modern learning environments. In combination with robotics and cyber-physical systems (CPS), AI offers innovative opportunities to enhance both problem-solving abilities and social skills through interactive and collaborative learning settings. This contribution examines how robotics, CPS, and AI can support competence development by fostering collaborative learning and innovative, holistic problem-solving skills. The design of learning processes integrating interactive and collaborative elements for flexible training technical skills and creativity is examined in a project-oriented and scenario-based learning environment. Robotics and CPS are implemented as key learning tools. To address a wide range of heterogeneous pre-knowledge the approach should be tested in various fields and interdisciplinarity. The development of the holistic shape competence is illustrated through two different practical scenarios that made collaborative work essential. The learning scenarios are enhanced by integrating AI in communication and development processes. Several pre-studies have already been conducted to validate the proposed approach in different scenarios leading to promising further development. The underlying learning strategies have been applied in programs of industrial engineering (Bachelor’s and Master’s degree), technical computer science (Bachelor’s degree), and technical vocational didactics (Master’s degree) and have been reflected in several master’s theses.