This study investigates the state of the “solidarity supply chain” in Italy, a term coined by the Observatory for Food Insecurity and Poverty (OIPA) (The Observatory is a research laboratory of CURSA – the University Consortium for Socioeconomic and Environmental Research.) to indicate the Italian food distribution and assistance system composed of multiple actors and funded by the European Fund for Aid to the Most Deprived (FEAD) and the National Italian Fund for the Indigent (FNI). The dataset underlying the analysis, managed and provided by the Italian Ministry of Labor and Social Policies, offers information on the demographic composition of the beneficiaries of food assistance initiatives, the characteristics of the organizations involved in the supply chain system and their respective intervention channels (currently, there are five types of intervention channels: street units, soup kitchens, food parcels, home delivery, and social grocery stores) as well as the quantity and variety of the distributed food products. Through an exploratory descriptive analysis, this study presents the trends in the number of people who requested food assistance during and after the COVID-19 health emergency, by calculating and interpreting percentage changes between 2020 and 2023. Furthermore, using three indices developed by OIPA, the efficiency of the supply chain and the territorial coverage of needs by Partner Organizations of the solidarity chain were analyzed. This case study can be considered as a preliminary analysis for future research on the food distribution system, both at the national level and in more localized areas.