Ensuring Shift Work of Drivers in Cyclic Transport and Technological Schemes
摘要
The problem of shortage of truck drivers was studied. A logistic method of reducing the required number of drivers is developed for cyclic transport and technological schemes. The model of a cyclic transport scheme is presented as a parallel-sequential set of elementary logistics operations. Transportation schemes involving a team of interacting drivers were considered. The work of drivers is limited by the Regulation 561/2006. To reduce unproductive downtime of drivers, it was proposed to use a shift method of their work. To ensure the adaptability of driver changes to transport cycles, a model of a transport and technological scheme has been developed, as well as analytical dependencies of the organizational parameters of the scheme. The parameters of the scheme were optimized for the specified intensity of the general material flow, as well as specified types of vehicles. The dependences of the maximum duration of cargo delivery, the required number of trucks and drivers on the total cargo flow in the transport and technological scheme were established. It was shown that the problem of driver shortage can be solved in the most technological way if heavy trucks are used with a cargo flow intensity of 10–12 packages per hour.