Particulate matter is a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets. These particles come in different sizes, shapes, and characteristics. There are a wide range of properties that impact the movement of these particles within the medium and understanding the dynamics of particles is important to mitigate the emissions and is essential for various scientific and engineering applications. The dynamics of the particles are primarily governed by forces like gravity, drag, and buoyancy among various other external forces. The extent to which these forces are impacted depends on the physical characteristics of the particle, such as size, mass, and the density, and thermodynamic properties of the surrounding medium, such as temperature, viscosity, and pressure. This article presents a scientific review on the most predominant and widely researched physical and thermodynamic properties that influence the dynamics of the particle. A detailed overview of the influential properties along with their relationship with the forces acting on the particle is presented, providing a foundation for future researchers and engineers.