This chapter offers a detailed analysis of the Languages Act (LangA), examining its ideological foundations, implementation processes, and structural limitations. It interprets the Act as both a symbolic affirmation of multilingual commitment and a regulatory framework that reproduces longstanding hierarchies among national languages. Through a close reading of key articles, the chapter shows how the LangA blends principles of equality, efficiency, and cultural preservation, while granting substantial discretion to cantons. Drawing on interviews with policymakers, it highlights gaps between legal ideals and administrative practice, especially concerning the unequal recognition of Italian and Romansh, the rise of English, and the limited support for heritage languages. Using Shohamy’s and Tollefson’s frameworks, the chapter argues that the LangA’s reliance on soft enforcement and vague criteria enables unequal access to multilingual participation to persist. It also shows how seemingly pragmatic, user-oriented policies distribute responsibility unevenly between institutions and individuals. The chapter concludes that while the LangA stabilizes Switzerland’s linguistic order, it does so by institutionalizing difference rather than fostering transformative inclusion.