This chapter elaborates on the belief that AI systems are neutral and impartial authorities that operate according to unbiased scientific logic alone. To explore this belief, this chapter focuses on biometric recognition systems that emerged in the 2010s and that came under increasing scrutiny and criticism for relying on dubious scientific theories and practices. Over the decade, there were numerous instances of human decision-making and responsibility being deferred to such systems, resulting in unethical practices that disproportionately impacted the most vulnerable groups in society. While the conscious and unconscious biases of human programmers behind these technologies are of concern, this chapter argues that this deference of responsibility arises, first and foremost, from ideologies that equate humans to machines and the long-established myth that AI technologies are thinking machines equivalent to human brains. Using instances of AI art and media in the 2010s that challenged these ideas, this chapter further explores how this notion of a thinking machine invites people to reconsider themselves and others in relation to AI as an authority.

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In the Eye of the Beholder

  • Andrew McIntyre

摘要

This chapter elaborates on the belief that AI systems are neutral and impartial authorities that operate according to unbiased scientific logic alone. To explore this belief, this chapter focuses on biometric recognition systems that emerged in the 2010s and that came under increasing scrutiny and criticism for relying on dubious scientific theories and practices. Over the decade, there were numerous instances of human decision-making and responsibility being deferred to such systems, resulting in unethical practices that disproportionately impacted the most vulnerable groups in society. While the conscious and unconscious biases of human programmers behind these technologies are of concern, this chapter argues that this deference of responsibility arises, first and foremost, from ideologies that equate humans to machines and the long-established myth that AI technologies are thinking machines equivalent to human brains. Using instances of AI art and media in the 2010s that challenged these ideas, this chapter further explores how this notion of a thinking machine invites people to reconsider themselves and others in relation to AI as an authority.