Facing the global challenge of depleted shallow mineral resources, deep prospecting (≥500 m) has become critical for ensuring resource security. This study systematically integrates advances in deep prospecting of metallic deposits, focusing on core breakthroughs and future directions. Through analyzing typical domestic and international cases, three key innovations are identified: (1) Enhanced application of geophysical technologies (e.g., CSAMT, deep seismic reflection) to overcome signal attenuation in deep formations; (2) Optimization of the “geology-geophysics-geochemistry” multidisciplinary collaborative system, improving exploration accuracy in complex deep environments; (3) Integration of 3D modeling and AI-driven target prediction, enabling efficient identification of concealed ore bodies. To address bottlenecks such as high costs and technical limitations, this study proposes future priorities: deepening interdisciplinary integration, advancing AI-based data processing, and expanding prospecting depth beyond 1000 m. These insights provide a theoretical and technical framework for global deep mineral exploration.