We propose a verifiable (k, l)-threshold quantum secret sharing (QSS) scheme using symmetric multivariate polynomials and mutually unbiased bases. The scheme enables secure quantum state distribution with identity authentication and dishonest participant detection. Classical and quantum shares are combined to ensure integrity and verifiability. It resists standard quantum attacks including intercept-resend, collusion, entangle measure attack and participant attack. The design is efficient, scalable, and suitable for practical quantum networks.