The use of Steer-by-Wire (SbW) technology, which replaces mechanical linkages with electronically controlled actuators, is drastically changing vehicle steering systems. This makes it possible for more complex control schemes and increased design flexibility. However, because there is less tactile road feel in heavy vehicles, the lack of mechanical feedback can affect steering accuracy and driver confidence. This study presents a model-based simulation framework created especially to mimic road feedback and steering dynamics in cars with SbW. The method combines vehicle geometry, tire-road interactions, and in-depth mathematical modeling of actuator behavior. Analysis is used to determine and assess critical parameters like critical speed, rear-wheel logic, transfer functions, and cornering stiffness. Speed-adaptive rear steering is incorporated into the system architecture to maximize in-phase and reverse-phase transitions, improving low-speed maneuverability and high-speed stability. The method shows that the suggested approach is robust against changing vehicle loads and speeds and successfully restores driver perception of road texture, cornering loads, and transient impacts. The framework promotes improved driver comfort, safety, and adaptability across a variety of terrains by offering a scalable solution for upcoming commercial SbW systems.

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Road Feel Simulation Strategy for Steer-by-Wire System in Heavy Vehicles Using Electronic Linkages

  • Diptam Dey,
  • Debasis Maji

摘要

The use of Steer-by-Wire (SbW) technology, which replaces mechanical linkages with electronically controlled actuators, is drastically changing vehicle steering systems. This makes it possible for more complex control schemes and increased design flexibility. However, because there is less tactile road feel in heavy vehicles, the lack of mechanical feedback can affect steering accuracy and driver confidence. This study presents a model-based simulation framework created especially to mimic road feedback and steering dynamics in cars with SbW. The method combines vehicle geometry, tire-road interactions, and in-depth mathematical modeling of actuator behavior. Analysis is used to determine and assess critical parameters like critical speed, rear-wheel logic, transfer functions, and cornering stiffness. Speed-adaptive rear steering is incorporated into the system architecture to maximize in-phase and reverse-phase transitions, improving low-speed maneuverability and high-speed stability. The method shows that the suggested approach is robust against changing vehicle loads and speeds and successfully restores driver perception of road texture, cornering loads, and transient impacts. The framework promotes improved driver comfort, safety, and adaptability across a variety of terrains by offering a scalable solution for upcoming commercial SbW systems.