This study investigates the stability of railway sections crossing coal mine goafs and proposes corresponding remediation measures. Using the K158 + 500 ~ K159 + 050 section of the Ganquanbei-Zhongjiacun Railway as a case study, high-density resistivity and geological drilling methods were employed for on-site investigation. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods were applied to calculate potential future subsidence, and suitable remediation measures were proposed. The results show that high-density resistivity and geological drilling can effectively and accurately delineate the extent and dimensions of the coal mine goaf beneath the roadbed. Furthermore, goaf collapse was identified as the primary cause of roadbed subsidence. Due to factors such as dynamic train loads, weathering, and seismic activity, the overlying bedrock may collapse in the future, with expected subsidence ranging from 0.42 to 0.95 m. Given the limited extent of the goaf, grouting and filling are recommended as effective remediation methods.