The emergence of 6G communication technology will transform the digitalisation of smart cities through wireless communications that are ultra-reliable, low-latency, and energy-saving. The reality of operating in an urban environment, however, is full of significant deployment bottlenecks, such as sizable infrastructure, numerous obstructions to line of sight (LoS), and consumer mobility. This is too much: it turns off signal quality, increases energy consumption in the beam-forming system, and causes massive delays in the mechanism for continuously stable beam communication links. In addition, long-established solutions (e.g., massive MIMO and fixed beamforming) are power-hungry and rigid, resulting in exorbitant operational costs and limited adaptability in the dynamic context of a smart city. To address these real-time issues, this paper presents Energy-Aware Beam Routing using Adaptive Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (EA-BR-AIRS). This infrastructure transforms static IRSs into dynamic, intelligent, and environment-aware routing configurations. EA-BR-AIRS enables intelligent control over beam paths, allowing for dynamic adjustments to reroute signals around obstructions while maintaining minimum power consumption. This is achieved through real-time Channel State Information (CSI) and novel graph-based routing algorithms integrated with Edge AI. To ensure signal reliability and energy efficiency, the strengths are provided, and to determine the best paths through IRS nodes, a Q-learning approach is used, with a hybrid reward parameter to determine optimality. IRS components are reconfigurable at 200 milliseconds, enabling quick responses to dynamic events in urban areas, such as the movement of cars and people. By simulating a virtual innovative city model, it is evident that EA-BR-AIRS has achieved 92.1% signal availability, 89.4% energy saving, and 94.8% beam success rates, easily surpassing the performance of both stationary IRS and conventional beamforming approaches under mmWave. The framework supports both smart and green infrastructure, as well as green and scalable infrastructure for smart cities. Conclusively, the future-proof, practical, and energy-resilient real-time beam control solution provided in EA-BR-AIRS enables the world to enter the phase of sustainable, adaptive next-generation wireless communication.

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Energy-Aware Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces for Adaptive Beam Routing in Smart City 6G Infrastructure

  • Raed Hameed

摘要

The emergence of 6G communication technology will transform the digitalisation of smart cities through wireless communications that are ultra-reliable, low-latency, and energy-saving. The reality of operating in an urban environment, however, is full of significant deployment bottlenecks, such as sizable infrastructure, numerous obstructions to line of sight (LoS), and consumer mobility. This is too much: it turns off signal quality, increases energy consumption in the beam-forming system, and causes massive delays in the mechanism for continuously stable beam communication links. In addition, long-established solutions (e.g., massive MIMO and fixed beamforming) are power-hungry and rigid, resulting in exorbitant operational costs and limited adaptability in the dynamic context of a smart city. To address these real-time issues, this paper presents Energy-Aware Beam Routing using Adaptive Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (EA-BR-AIRS). This infrastructure transforms static IRSs into dynamic, intelligent, and environment-aware routing configurations. EA-BR-AIRS enables intelligent control over beam paths, allowing for dynamic adjustments to reroute signals around obstructions while maintaining minimum power consumption. This is achieved through real-time Channel State Information (CSI) and novel graph-based routing algorithms integrated with Edge AI. To ensure signal reliability and energy efficiency, the strengths are provided, and to determine the best paths through IRS nodes, a Q-learning approach is used, with a hybrid reward parameter to determine optimality. IRS components are reconfigurable at 200 milliseconds, enabling quick responses to dynamic events in urban areas, such as the movement of cars and people. By simulating a virtual innovative city model, it is evident that EA-BR-AIRS has achieved 92.1% signal availability, 89.4% energy saving, and 94.8% beam success rates, easily surpassing the performance of both stationary IRS and conventional beamforming approaches under mmWave. The framework supports both smart and green infrastructure, as well as green and scalable infrastructure for smart cities. Conclusively, the future-proof, practical, and energy-resilient real-time beam control solution provided in EA-BR-AIRS enables the world to enter the phase of sustainable, adaptive next-generation wireless communication.