Lithuania’s Security and Defence Policy: From Overreliance on Collective Defence to Leading by Example
摘要
Since the early 1990s, Lithuania’s security and defence policy has been aimed at reducing its dependencies on Russia and, in particular, joining NATO and the EU. Although EU membership always included a security element, collective defence within NATO and a strategic partnership with the U.S. were seen as key for deterring an increasingly aggressive and authoritarian Russia. However, concerns about Russia as a long-term threat and U.S. unpredictability under Donald Trump led to domestic political consensus on rapidly increasing defence spending, supporting Ukraine and advocating the EU’s role in coordinating defence policies. This third component is viewed as strengthening Europe’s capacities within NATO, thereby maintaining rather than replacing a U.S. presence. Lithuania’s threat perception, according to the traffic light system, can be classed as ‘red’.