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AS112 is a distributed, volunteer-run, anycast DNS service that acts as a sink for leaked DNS queries for local resources, preventing them from overloading core DNS infrastructure. AS112 helps protect important parts of the Internet infrastructure, but there has been no comprehensive study of who runs the AS112 servers, where they are located, and whether they effectively capture leaked queries. Using RIPE Atlas and 33646 open recursive resolvers, we detect 469 AS112 sites, run by 97 operators, and compare the response time and query distances of AS112 to root server queries. AS112 performs well, with 23.21% lower median response times and 36.11% lower median distances than the root. However, AS112 is largely dependent on few large operators (one operator serves 41.71% of probes in our study), limiting its resilience.

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Black Holes and Prisoners: Understanding AS112 Deployment Characteristics

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Elizabeth Boswell,
  • Xinyan Xian,
  • Mingshu Wang,
  • Stephen McQuistin,
  • Colin Perkins

摘要

AS112 is a distributed, volunteer-run, anycast DNS service that acts as a sink for leaked DNS queries for local resources, preventing them from overloading core DNS infrastructure. AS112 helps protect important parts of the Internet infrastructure, but there has been no comprehensive study of who runs the AS112 servers, where they are located, and whether they effectively capture leaked queries. Using RIPE Atlas and 33646 open recursive resolvers, we detect 469 AS112 sites, run by 97 operators, and compare the response time and query distances of AS112 to root server queries. AS112 performs well, with 23.21% lower median response times and 36.11% lower median distances than the root. However, AS112 is largely dependent on few large operators (one operator serves 41.71% of probes in our study), limiting its resilience.