The objective of this research is to identify the key factors explaining both the success and failure of young entrepreneurs in Côte d’Ivoire, particularly in times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. A qualitative methodology was adopted, based on face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 20 entrepreneurs from diverse sectors, regions, and backgrounds. Thematic content analysis was used to extract meaningful insights. Findings reveal three main categories of factors impacting entrepreneurial outcomes: (1) fundamental key success factors, whose mastery ensures business survival while neglect leads to failure; (2) secondary key success factors, which enhance long-term sustainability; and (3) failure factors, which are critical pitfalls to avoid. These determinants are structured around marketing, governance, financial management, and individual characteristics of the entrepreneur. The study highlights the strong influence of market knowledge, strategic planning, cost control, and perseverance in the success of entrepreneurial ventures. This research contributes to a better understanding of entrepreneurial dynamics in West Africa and offers actionable insights for public policies and support mechanisms aimed at strengthening entrepreneurial resilience among youth.