As everyone used to be required to learn in grade school, World War I was formally declared over on the eleventh hour, of the eleventh day, of the eleventh month of 1918. But the date of November 11, 1918, watershed that it is, only signaled the beginning of a world-wide process of analyzing and identifying the changes wrought by years of conflict. Coming to terms with the end of a conflagration of such magnitude would take months, if not years, to complete and, as Chapman so cogently observed while he served as a Red Cross Commissioner, hostilities did not necessarily end with the Armistice. One thing was blatantly clear to everyone who had been involved in the War: the world which had emerged from the struggle differed substantially from its pre-bellum status. With the clarity gained by the distance of time, it became increasingly obvious that the war had been experienced at levels ranging from micro to macro; moreover, the alterations which had occurred as a result of years of warfare affected everything from local institutions all the way to the governments of those nations involved in prosecuting the conflict. Seemingly, nothing was immune from change.