Misrepresentation of Women: A Pragmatic Analysis of Selected Sexist Nigerian Facebook Jokes
摘要
Despite the feminist scholars’ arguments that sexual difference is basically biological and that gender roles are socially and culturally constructed, sexist practices against women have persisted. This study examines sexist Facebook jokes and analyses the speech acts performed by the jokes and the im/politeness strategies embedded in them, with a view to foregrounding the ideological structures employed to construct and legitimize inequality against women in Nigeria. The data for the study comprise 15 purposively selected sexist Facebook jokes. Using speech act and politeness theories, with insights from feminism, the descriptive analysis revealed that a preponderance of assertives, followed by declarations, expressives and directives respectively, were used to communicate different acts, such as denigrating, blackmailing, taunting, condemning, criticizing, blaming and warning. Also, the study showed a majority of off- and on-record FTAs—respectively through implications and direct criticisms. Thus, the jokes tended to project women in four interconnected stereotype categories: women as evil, as weak-minded, as parasites and as inferior to men. The study, therefore, concludes that sexist Facebook jokes reveal the patriarchal ideology of the Nigerian society and specifically contribute to the serial perpetration of psychological and physical violence against women.