Water scarcity and unequal access to clean water are growing global challenges, affecting billions of people and threatening public health, food security, and sustainable development. In this context, understanding local water supply issues, such as those in the province of Khenifra, Morocco, contributes valuable insights into broader efforts to ensure water security worldwide. This study aims to thoroughly examine the challenges related to water supply in the province of Khenifra, by analyzing the distances traveled, time spent on water collection, and demographic characteristics of families. The research emphasizes the various hardships rural communities face in obtaining water, which is often a labor-intensive and time-consuming activity. Data were gathered through a detailed survey conducted in multiple municipalities between 2021 and 2022, allowing for the evaluation of several factors affecting water access. The survey collected information on how far residents need to travel to collect water, the time it takes to complete this daily task, and demographic parameters such as family size and the adult-to-child ratio. This multi-year study helped establish an accurate picture of how different communities in the province manage their water supply needs. The results of the study showed significant disparities among regions, with some families traveling much greater distances than others. The time spent on water collection also varied widely, adding to the burden on families, especially where there were more children or fewer able-bodied adults. These differences highlight that demographic factors, including family size and composition, can influence the severity of water supply issues. Ultimately, the findings underscore the necessity of designing interventions tailored to the unique needs of each community. By addressing the specific challenges each population faces, policymakers can develop strategies to improve access to safe and reliable water sources, thus reducing the physical and time burdens on families.