Agroforestry represents a sustainable land-use strategy that integrates trees with crops to improve soil health and ecosystem resilience. By enhancing soil structure, reducing erosion, and increasing water infiltration, trees play a critical role in maintaining long-term soil productivity. Through litterfall, root turnover, and rhizodeposition, they enrich the soil with organic matter, boost soil organic carbon, and stimulate microbial diversity, which collectively strengthen nutrient cycling and fertility. Practices such as alley cropping, contour planting, riparian buffers, windbreaks, and shelterbelts provide additional benefits by creating favorable microclimates, moderating wind and water erosion, and supporting crop growth and livestock health. These systems not only contribute to sustainable agricultural productivity but also sequester carbon, thereby mitigating the impacts of climate change. Agroforestry enhances resource use efficiency, reduces reliance on external inputs, and offers long-term ecological and economic stability. By integrating ecological principles with farming practices, it emerges as a scalable, cost-effective solution for sustainable soil management. Future research should focus on refining site-specific agroforestry models that optimize both ecological functions and socioeconomic benefits.