Mitochondrial transplantation is poised to transform medical technology, beginning with treatment of severe mitochondrial genetic diseases and expanding into emergency medicine, longevity interventions, and broader societal domains. The chapter examines the technical, logistical, and ethical challenges of producing large volumes of high‑quality mitochondria, including bioreactor‑based manufacturing and the unresolved problem of haplogroup compatibility. It explores the consequences of mitochondrial mismatch, the likelihood of “mitochondrial doping” in sports, and the profound implications for military performance, space travel, and long‑term human health. The chapter also analyzes the economic, demographic, and societal impacts of extended human lifespan, drawing on historical trends and speculative fiction to frame the coming “mitochondrial revolution” as a catalyst for major shifts in medicine, labor, governance, and human potential.