Nanotechnology has a wide variety of applications for food, highlighting its use in the development of nanomaterials for food packaging. The growing demand for foods with specific nutritional, sensory and structural properties has motivated research not only into new ingredients, but also into “hybrid” packaging. Biodegradable packaging, with functional properties, capable of protecting food, preventing their deterioration, and preserving their sensory and texture properties should be designed. Nanocomposites have been incorporated in the formulation of these materials; nanoparticles that improve the barrier properties and antimicrobial activity of the material and their use as nano-scale biosensors to monitor the development of microorganisms or toxic compounds during food storage. When these materials are incorporated, it is possible to develop active, intelligent, and smart packaging for highly perishable foods. Nanostructured materials have unique physicochemical properties and offer high performance in food preservation. The objective of this work was to review the cutting-edge advances and applications of nanotechnology for the development of new packaging materials for the food industry.