The global energy transition represents a profound societal transformation that extends beyond substituting fossil fuels with renewable technologies. The focus of this chapter is to examine how the energy transition can be pursued in ways that are just, inclusive, and attentive to questions of power, equity, and governance. Findings highlight that while renewable resources (such as solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and bioenergy) hold significant promise for decarbonization, their deployment risks reproducing old patterns of inequality if not embedded in inclusive governance frameworks. The chapter reveals that elite influence, resource dependencies, and extractive practices can undermine energy justice, while community-centered initiatives, participatory decision-making, and labor protections provide more equitable pathways. It further shows that green capitalism, without safeguards, may perpetuate inequities, whereas integrated policies prioritizing social justice can transform energy transitions into vehicles for empowerment and resilience. The analysis also demonstrates that a just energy transition should confront historical legacies of exclusion and align technological progress with democratic accountability and environmental stewardship. Success is most likely when transitions are designed as multidimensional projects, thus, linking clean energy deployment with social cohesion, gender equality, intergenerational justice, and sustainable development. Finally, the chapter argues that the future of energy transitions depends not only on technological advancement but also on how societies navigate the complex interplay of politics, power, and inequality. Embedding justice at the core of energy policy is essential to realizing post-carbon futures that are both sustainable and equitable.