In this chapter investigations are outlined on environmental issues concerning the control of the pollution produced by human activities. The proposed model consists of a spatially structured economic growth model which takes into account the level of pollution induced by production, a possible taxation based on the amount of produced pollution, and possible environmental interventions. It has been analyzed an optimal harvesting control problem with an objective function composed of four terms, namely the intertemporal utility of the decision maker, the space-time average of the level of pollution in the habitat, the disutility due to the imposition of taxation, and the cost of environmental interventions. A specific novelty in the model proposed here is the localization of the possible interventions to a subregion of the whole habitat. It clearly emerges that a reduction of the overall pollution leads to a significant improvement of the production.