Inferior turbinate hypertrophy is a debilitating condition resulting from chronic inflammation due to aero-allergens, infections, environmental irritants, or structural abnormalities such as a deviated nasal septum. It presents with symptoms including persistent nasal congestion, postnasal drip, and hyposmia. Diagnosis typically involves nasendoscopy and cross-sectional imaging, whilst first-line intervention focuses on topical steroid sprays to reduce inflammation. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the anatomy and physiology of the inferior turbinate, along with a detailed, step-by-step guide to the surgical interventions currently in practice, supported by the latest evidence-based research.