The object of research is a cantilever sheet-pile wall, embedded in multi-layered cohesive ground. Traditional design methods for cantilever sheet pile walls are based on various assumptions about net earth pressure and do not fully consider the equilibrium equations. This paper presents a calculation method for cantilever sheet pile walls on layered cohesive soil, which is performed strictly within the framework of the limit equilibrium theory. The full required depth and the rotation point of the wall are obtained by considering both horizontal force equilibrium and moment equilibrium of soil and water pressures above and below the rotation point. The top displacement of the wall is determined using the energy method based on Castigliano’s theorem. The required depth and the corresponding rotation point, depending on the soil properties, are shown in the design charts in dimensionless form. It is observed that with an increase in cohesion and internal friction angle, the embedment depth decreases, and the rotation point tends toward the lower edge of the wall. The obtained results were compared with those calculated by the traditional method and experimental data from other researchers.