The wear of drilling tools and casings is a significant challenge in petroleum engineering, affecting the lifespan of equipment, increasing operational costs, and posing risks such as tool breakage and casing damage, thereby compromising safety and efficiency in oil drilling and extraction processes. Addressing the issue of drilling tool and casing wear, this paper proposes a method for determining wear coefficients based on multi-factor analysis. Firstly, a systematic analysis of various factors influencing the wear of drilling tools and casings is conducted, including geological conditions, drilling parameters, and the materials of drilling tools and casings. Subsequently, statistical methods are employed to process a substantial amount of field data, establishing a mathematical model that relates wear coefficients to these influencing factors. This model comprehensively considers the impact of individual factors as well as their interactive effects on wear, enhancing the accuracy of wear coefficient predictions. Experimental validation demonstrates that the wear coefficients determined by this method closely align with actual wear conditions, effectively guiding the selection of materials for drilling tools and casings and the prevention of wear during the drilling process. This research provides a novel approach to predicting the wear of drilling tools and casings, holding significant importance for improving drilling efficiency and reducing drilling costs.