Friction Forces Between Cutting Edge Flanks and Machined Wood Due to the Moisture Content of Scots Pine
摘要
During the wood cutting process, various interactions occur, such as material displacement in the shear zone, chip movement along the cutting tool face, and friction on the flanks. These interactions generate forces that serve as components of the total cutting force. The components of the cutting force contribute not only to chip formation and the creation of a new surface (machined surface) but also exert pressure on the workpiece in the feed and lateral directions. The material under pressure undergoes elastic deformation, pushing against the tool as it attempts to return to its original position. This reaction can increase friction forces at the flanks of the cutting edge. To accurately design the cutting process, understanding these aspects and their effects on cutting forces is essential. This research is focused on determining the spring-back friction forces measured for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from Sweden under wet and dry conditions. Friction forces at the major and minor flanks of a single cutting edge of a band saw were measured immediately after a quasi-linear cutting process with three different feed per tooth values. Noticeable differences in friction force values were observed between wet and dry wood, notable across all three feed per tooth settings. These results provide a new understanding of the effect of elasticity properties of pine wood, which can generate friction forces and increase the total cutting force during wood cutting processes in both wet and dry conditions.