Accurate indoor localization is a key enabler for Industry 4.0 and IoT applications, including asset tracking and human–machine interaction. Among available techniques, Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) estimation offers directional information with minimal infrastructure. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of two commercial AoA platforms: the Murata Type2AB module, based on UWB (Qorvo DW3000), and the u-blox XPLR-AOA-2 kit, which leverages Bluetooth 5.1 Direction Finding. Experiments were conducted in a motion-capture-equipped lab to provide ground-truth reference. The systems were tested at various distances and orientations, and evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness. The UWB platform achieved average angular errors below 4 \(^\circ \) with standard deviations under 5 \(^\circ \) across all conditions. The BLE system exhibited similar angular accuracy (mean error  4.7 \(^\circ \) ) within \(\pm 45^\circ \) , but degraded beyond that range, with errors exceeding 20 \(^\circ \) and variability up to 5 \(^\circ \) .

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A Comparative Evaluation of UWB and BLE AoA for Short-Range Indoor Localization

  • Matteo Nardello,
  • Matteo Marconi,
  • Davide Brunelli

摘要

Accurate indoor localization is a key enabler for Industry 4.0 and IoT applications, including asset tracking and human–machine interaction. Among available techniques, Angle-of-Arrival (AoA) estimation offers directional information with minimal infrastructure. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of two commercial AoA platforms: the Murata Type2AB module, based on UWB (Qorvo DW3000), and the u-blox XPLR-AOA-2 kit, which leverages Bluetooth 5.1 Direction Finding. Experiments were conducted in a motion-capture-equipped lab to provide ground-truth reference. The systems were tested at various distances and orientations, and evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness. The UWB platform achieved average angular errors below 4 \(^\circ \) with standard deviations under 5 \(^\circ \) across all conditions. The BLE system exhibited similar angular accuracy (mean error  4.7 \(^\circ \) ) within \(\pm 45^\circ \) , but degraded beyond that range, with errors exceeding 20 \(^\circ \) and variability up to 5 \(^\circ \) .