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This paper presents the design, simulation, and analysis of a compact rectenna system including antenna, matching network, and rectifier, for powering ultra-low-power IoT devices via ambient RF energy harvesting. The proposed solution targets operation in the 2.45 GHz ISM band and is implemented using PCB-compatible technologies. A planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with a coplanar stub achieves a compact footprint of 32.6 mm \(\times \) 16.87 mm while featuring a bandwidth of 110 MHz and a gain of 1.49 dBi. The rectifier employs a double-voltage Dickson topology optimized for a 5 k \(\Omega \) load and -15 dBm input, showing a peak efficiency of 47.28% in the ideal lumped case and 46.58% when accounting for microstrip interconnections, with a footprint of 34.8 mm \(\times \) 10 mm. The complete rectenna system, including a distributed matching network, demonstrates reliable performance with a footprint of 67.4 mm \(\times \) 16.87 mm. These results validate its suitability for battery-less or battery-assisted IoT applications.

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Analysis, Design and Simulation of a Compact Rectenna System for Ultra-low Power IoT Systems

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Alessandro Porta,
  • Ettore Noccetti,
  • Francesca Bagnoli,
  • Daniele Rossi,
  • Sergio Saponara

摘要

This paper presents the design, simulation, and analysis of a compact rectenna system including antenna, matching network, and rectifier, for powering ultra-low-power IoT devices via ambient RF energy harvesting. The proposed solution targets operation in the 2.45 GHz ISM band and is implemented using PCB-compatible technologies. A planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with a coplanar stub achieves a compact footprint of 32.6 mm \(\times \) 16.87 mm while featuring a bandwidth of 110 MHz and a gain of 1.49 dBi. The rectifier employs a double-voltage Dickson topology optimized for a 5 k \(\Omega \) load and -15 dBm input, showing a peak efficiency of 47.28% in the ideal lumped case and 46.58% when accounting for microstrip interconnections, with a footprint of 34.8 mm \(\times \) 10 mm. The complete rectenna system, including a distributed matching network, demonstrates reliable performance with a footprint of 67.4 mm \(\times \) 16.87 mm. These results validate its suitability for battery-less or battery-assisted IoT applications.