Protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites are the medically relevant parasites known to cause disease in humans. Helminths are parasitic worms (tapeworms and round worms) that are transmitted through unintentional ingestion, skin contact, vector bites, or consumption of an infected host. Transmission depends largely on environmental conditions, cleanliness, and vector exposure. Protozoa are unicellular organisms that have a particularly strong inclination to infect immunocompromised individuals, including those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The geographical location of the infecting species and the degree of the patient’s infection determine the medicine of choice treatment. The mechanism of action of therautic agents informs the index of suspicion for prescribing clinicians. Therapeutic agents used for systemic amebiasis include metronidazole and tinidazole. Albendazole is the drug of choice for the treatment of ascariasis, trichuriasis, trichinosis, cutaneous larva migrans, hookworm, and pinworm infections. Amodiaquine is a 4-aminoquinoline that limits heme detoxification by blocking heme polymerase activity, therefore accumulating free heme, which is poisonous to parasites. Members of the class of broad-spectrum benzimidazoles, albendazole and mebendazole function by preventing microtubule production. Albendazole reduces tubulin polymerization, while mebendazole stops microtubule production. This reduction of microtubule generation results in the reduction of glucose absorption, which kills helminths.