Behaviorism is a characteristic philosophy of science associated with B. F. Skinner which emphasizes objectivity, empiricism, study of individual organisms and the role of the environment in influencing behavior. The experimental analysis of behavior is the science which studies basic learning processes and applied behavior analysis is the applied science addressing socially valid behavior in context. Behaviorism acknowledges three sources of behavior with parallel mechanisms of causation: biological evolution, cultural evolution and evolution of operant behavior over the lifespan. This chapter describes several learning mechanisms by which aggression might be learned within the family including reinforcement, punishment, extinction, modeling, and rule-governed behavior. The chapter goes on to describe behavioral approaches to understanding aggression in children with disabilities in the family and then expands the focus to review a number of behavioral models of aggression including Patterson’s coercive family processes, and other behavioral models of domestic and other forms of family violence and their implications for prevention and treatment.