Driving Forces of Migrants’ Sense of Belonging to the City
摘要
Utilising data from questionnaires in BeijingBeijing and multinomial logistic regression models, this chapter continually explores peri-urban migrants’ self-identity in the city and its determinants from the neighbourhoodNeighbourhood perspective. This chapter uses a ‘sense of belonging’Sense of belonging as the indicator of migrant integrationMigrant integration, as it reflects the final stage of the process. Berry (1997) suggested that psychological adaptation is based on emotional identification with the host society, while Ager and Strang (2008) view it as the ultimate goal of integration. In the Chinese context, Shen and Xia (2023) argue that psychological integration marks the shift from economic adaptation to emotional identification. Thus, a sense of belongingSense of belonging is chosen for quantitative modelling to reveal the outcomes of migrant integrationMigrant integration. The data confirms that migrants with similar socioeconomic attributes are grouped in their neighbourhoods in peri-urban areas. Such variation is created not only by socioeconomic achievement, institutional attainment, and social networksSocial networks but also because these neighbourhoods are distinctive residential environments for different pathways of social integration. A low sense of belongingSense of belonging is not necessarily a result of homogeneous tenure and residential population but of living with uncertainty, exclusion from the formal urban economy, and a poor neighbourhood environment. The findings also support the positive role of the social-ethnic mix and tenure heterogeneity in terms of reduced stigmatisation and a sense of privilege and privacy in mixed neighbourhoods. This chapter also highlights that migrant integrationMigrant integration is intertwined with macroeconomic policies, urban markets, and neighbourhoodNeighbourhood governance. Therefore, it is essential to consider these broader contextual factors in order to offer more comprehensive theoretical insights and practical recommendations for urbanisationUrbanisation and migration policies.