This chapter examines the application of blockchain technology in agri-food supply chains, highlighting its advantages in terms of transparency, traceability, and trust among stakeholders. By enabling secure and immutable data recording, blockchain allows monitoring of all stages of the chain—from production to distribution—addressing issues of information fragmentation and asymmetry. Tools such as QR codes, sensors, and digital certifications support data collection and sharing. Several case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the technology: globally, companies like Carrefour, Cargill, and CHO have adopted blockchain to trace chicken meat, turkey, and olive oil, respectively. In Italy, firms such as BuondiOli, Campanini, Fratelli Corrà, and Carrefour Italia have implemented similar solutions in sectors ranging from rice to cured meats. These implementations have delivered tangible benefits, including improved logistical efficiency, reduced operational costs, enhanced product value, and increased consumer trust. The chapter concludes by addressing ongoing challenges—such as scalability and standardization—but confirms blockchain’s strong potential as a strategic tool for innovation and sustainability in the agri-food sector.