This chapter explores innovative approaches to plant cultivation to address the challenges of global food security and climate stress. It will also cover vertical farming and soilless growing systems (hydroponics, aeroponics) to produce food in cities and mitigate environmental stress impacts for more sustainable and resilient plants for the future. Innovative approaches to agriculture and plant cultivation are essential to address the pressing challenges of global food security and climate stress. As climate change intensifies, novel strategies such as vertical farming and soilless growing systems—hydroponics and aeroponics—are being implemented to produce food in urban environments, reducing land use and resource consumption. These systems enable efficient water and nutrient management while increasing food production in cities. Vertical farming, combined with advanced technologies, promotes sustainable agriculture by minimizing the need for arable land and reducing transportation emissions. This chapter also describes biofortification which is developed to combat mineral malnutrition by enhancing the nutritional content of crops, particularly in regions where there is deficiency of iron, zinc, and vitamin A. Plants also play a major role in climate change mitigation, acting as C sinks. By integrating innovative technologies with sustainable practices, we can build a more resilient and food-secure future.